Diethanolamine (DEA), with CAS No. 111-42-2 and molecular formula C₄H₁₁NO₂, is a multifunctional amino alcohol characterized by its dual hydroxyl (-OH) and amino (-NH) functional groups, strong polarity, and excellent chemical reactivity.

Key Industrial Applications

Gas Treatment: Efficient absorbent for removing acidic gases (CO₂, H₂S) from natural gas, refinery gas, and flue gas; widely used in oil & gas processing and carbon capture systems (CCS) due to its high absorption capacity and low volatility (superior to monoethanolamine in corrosion resistance).

Chemical Synthesis: Intermediate for producing surfactants (e.g., alkylolamides, ethoxylates), plasticizers, and polyurethane foam (chain extenders); raw material for corrosion inhibitors, lubricant additives, and textile auxiliaries.

Cosmetics & Personal Care: pH adjuster, emulsifier, and humectant in shampoos, conditioners, lotions, and soaps; enhances product stability, foam quality, and skin/hair compatibility.

Metalworking & Corrosion Inhibition: Component of metal cutting fluids, rust inhibitors, and cleaning agents; forms a protective chelate film on metal surfaces to prevent oxidation and corrosion, suitable for steel, aluminum, and copper processing.

Textiles & Dyes: Softener, leveling agent, and dye-fixing agent in textile printing and dyeing; improves fabric hand feel, color uniformity, and fastness to washing.

Agrochemicals & Pharmaceuticals: Intermediate for pesticide formulations (e.g., herbicides, fungicides) and pharmaceutical synthesis; enhances solubility and bioavailability of active ingredients.

Other Fields: Used in cement grinding aids to improve grinding efficiency; as a plasticizer for cellulose-based materials and a stabilizer for rubber products.