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Technical Introduction
Linear Alkyl Benzene Sulphonic Acid (LAS), also referred to as Linear Dodecyl Benzene Sulphonic Acid (LDBSA) for the most common C₁₂ alkyl chain variant, is a high-volume anionic surfactant precursor. It is a key raw material for the production of household detergents, industrial cleaners, and textile auxiliaries, valued for its excellent detergency, emulsification, and wetting properties.
1. Chemical Identity
| Item | Technical Specification |
| Chemical Name | Linear Alkyl Benzene Sulphonic Acid |
| Abbreviation | LAS; LDBSA (for C₁₂ alkyl chain grade) |
| General Molecular Formula | R-C6H4-SO3H (where R = linear alkyl chain of C10–C13; C12 is the dominant industrial grade) |
| Молекулярная масса | 326.48 g/mol (for C12 alkyl chain variant) |
| CAS Registry Number | 27176-87-0 (generic for C10–C13 LAS) |
| UN Number | 2584 (Class 8: Corrosive Substances) |
| Structural Feature | Consists of a hydrophobic linear alkyl chain attached to a benzene ring, with a hydrophilic sulfonic acid group (-SO3H) on the benzene ring. The linear alkyl structure ensures high biodegradability compared to branched alkyl benzene sulfonic acids. |
2. Core Industrial Applications
LAS is the foundational raw material for anionic surfactants, with applications spanning household and industrial sectors:
Household Detergents (Largest Application)
Neutralized with sodium hydroxide (NaOH), potassium hydroxide (KOH), or ethanolamine to produce sodium linear alkyl benzene sulfonate (LAS-Na) or potassium alkyl benzene sulfonate—key ingredients in laundry powders, liquid detergents, dishwashing liquids, and soap bars. These derivatives deliver excellent dirt-dissolving and emulsifying performance, even in hard water.
Industrial Cleaning Agents
Formulated into heavy-duty degreasers, metal cleaning fluids, and industrial laundry detergents. LAS-based cleaners are effective at removing oil, grease, and particulate contaminants from machinery, textiles, and hard surfaces.
Textile & Leather Industry
Used as a wetting agent, emulsifier, and dyeing auxiliary in textile processing. It improves the penetration of dyes and chemicals into fibers, enhancing color uniformity and fabric quality. It also serves as a degreasing agent for leather tanning.
Agricultural Chemicals
Acts as an emulsifier in pesticide formulations (e.g., herbicides, insecticides), improving the dispersion and adhesion of active ingredients on crop surfaces, thereby boosting pesticide efficacy.
Other Uses
Raw material for emulsion polymerization (e.g., in the production of latex and plastics); component of water treatment flocculants; additive in personal care products (e.g., shampoos, body washes).
3.Transport: Comply with UN 2584 transport regulations for Class 8 corrosive substances. Use leak-proof, corrosion-resistant containers. Label packages clearly with “CORROSIVE” warnings. Avoid transport in extreme temperatures or humid conditions.